Eduard Nápravník - Revision history

Brett at 12:50, 19 August 2023

2023-08-19T12:50:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:50, 19 August 2023
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	~~__NOTOC__~~
	{{picture\|file=Eduard Napravnik.jpg\|caption='''Eduard Nápravník'''<br/>(1839-1916)}}		{{picture\|file=Eduard Napravnik.jpg\|caption='''Eduard Nápravník'''<br/>(1839-1916)}}
	Czech conductor and composer (b. 24 August 1839 in Býšť, near Hradec Králové; d. 23 November 1916 in [[Petrograd]]), known in Russia as '''''Eduard Frantsevich Nápravník''''' (Эдуард Францевич Направник).		Czech conductor and composer (b. 24 August 1839 {{NS}} in Býšť, near Hradec Králové; d. 10/23 November 1916 in [[Petrograd]]), known in Russia as '''''Eduard Frantsevich Nápravník''''' (Эдуард Францевич Направник).

	The son of a Czech village schoolmaster, as a child Nápravník played the organ at Pardubice Cathedral. In 1854, he enrolled at the [[Prague]] Organ School, and later studied and taught at the Maydl Institute (1856–1861), taking lessons from Johann Friedrich Kittl (1806–1868), director of the [[Prague]] Conservatory.		The son of a Czech village schoolmaster, as a child Nápravník played the organ at Pardubice Cathedral. In 1854, he enrolled at the [[Prague]] Organ School, and later studied and taught at the Maydl Institute (1856–1861), taking lessons from Johann Friedrich Kittl (1806–1868), director of the [[Prague]] Conservatory.
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	* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]		* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]

	44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the {{RUS-Mcl}} in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the {{RUS-KLč}} at [[Klin]].		44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the {{RUS-Mcl}} in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the {{RUS-KLč}} at [[Klin]] (a{{sup\|4}}, Nos. 3050–3092).

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==
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	==External Links==		==External Links==
	* [[wikipedia:Eduard Nápravník\|Wikipedia]]		* [[wikipedia:Eduard Nápravník\|Wikipedia]]
			* {{IMSLP\|Nápravník,_Eduard}}
			* {{viaf\|69122937}}

	[[Category:People\|Napravnik, Eduard]]		[[Category:People\|Napravnik, Eduard]]
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	[[Category:Correspondents\|Napravnik, Eduard]]		[[Category:Correspondents\|Napravnik, Eduard]]
	[[Category:Dedicatees\|Napravnik, Eduard]]		[[Category:Dedicatees\|Napravnik, Eduard]]
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Brett: Text replacement - "Russian State Archive of Literature and Art" to "{{RUS-Mcl}}"

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Text replacement - "Russian State Archive of Literature and Art" to "{{RUS-Mcl}}"

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	* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]		* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]

	44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the ~~Russian State Archive of Literature and Art~~ in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the {{RUS-KLč}} at [[Klin]].		44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the {{RUS-Mcl}} in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the {{RUS-KLč}} at [[Klin]].

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==

Brett: Text replacement - "Klin House-Museum Archive" to "{{RUS-KLč}} at Klin"

2023-08-08T07:50:18Z

Text replacement - "Klin House-Museum Archive" to "{{RUS-KLč}} at Klin"

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:50, 8 August 2023
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	* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]		* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]

	44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the [[Klin]] ~~House-Museum Archive~~.		44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the {{RUS-KLč}} at [[Klin]].

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==

Tony: Text replacement - "conductor's" to "composer's"

2022-11-18T19:43:43Z

Text replacement - "conductor's" to "composer's"

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 18 November 2022
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	Czech conductor and composer (b. 24 August 1839 in Býšť, near Hradec Králové; d. 23 November 1916 in [[Petrograd]]), known in Russia as '''''Eduard Frantsevich Nápravník''''' (Эдуард Францевич Направник).		Czech conductor and composer (b. 24 August 1839 in Býšť, near Hradec Králové; d. 23 November 1916 in [[Petrograd]]), known in Russia as '''''Eduard Frantsevich Nápravník''''' (Эдуард Францевич Направник).

	The son of a Czech village schoolmaster, as a child Nápravník played the organ at Pardubice Cathedral. In 1854 he enrolled at the [[Prague]] Organ School, and later studied and taught at the Maydl Institute (1856–1861), taking lessons from Johann Friedrich Kittl (1806–1868), director of the [[Prague]] Conservatory.		The son of a Czech village schoolmaster, as a child Nápravník played the organ at Pardubice Cathedral. In 1854, he enrolled at the [[Prague]] Organ School, and later studied and taught at the Maydl Institute (1856–1861), taking lessons from Johann Friedrich Kittl (1806–1868), director of the [[Prague]] Conservatory.

	In 1861 Nápravník emigrated to Russia, where he worked as conductor of an amateur orchestra, as well as teaching the piano and performing in chamber concerts. In 1863 he was appointed assistant to Konstantin Lyadov at the Mariinsky Theatre in [[Saint Petersburg]], and became principal conductor after Lyadov's retirement six years later.		In 1861 Nápravník emigrated to Russia, where he worked as conductor of an amateur orchestra, as well as teaching the piano and performing in chamber concerts. In 1863, he was appointed assistant to Konstantin Lyadov at the Mariinsky Theatre in [[Saint Petersburg]], and became principal conductor after Lyadov's retirement six years later.

	==Tchaikovsky and Nápravník==		==Tchaikovsky and Nápravník==
	Five of Tchaikovsky's operas were premiered under Nápravník's direction at the Mariinsky Theatre: ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1874), ''[[Vakula the Smith]]'' (1876), ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' (1881), ''[[The Queen of Spades]]'' (1890) and ''[[Iolanta]]'' (1892). ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' was dedicated to Nápravník, who also gave the first performances of many of the ~~conductor~~'s other works in the Russian Musical Society concerts in [[Saint Petersburg]], where he was principal conductor from 1869 to 1881.		Five of Tchaikovsky's operas were premiered under Nápravník's direction at the Mariinsky Theatre: ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1874), ''[[Vakula the Smith]]'' (1876), ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' (1881), ''[[The Queen of Spades]]'' (1890) and ''[[Iolanta]]'' (1892). ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' was dedicated to Nápravník, who also gave the first performances of many of the composer's other works in the Russian Musical Society concerts in [[Saint Petersburg]], where he was principal conductor from 1869 to 1881.

	The composer thought very highly of Nápravník's talents, and the conductor's wife [[Olga Nápravník (mother)\|Olga]] (1844–1902), and their children Aleksandr ("Sasha", 1866-1939), [[Vladimir Nápravník\|Vladimir ("Volodya")]] (1869–1948), [[Olga Nápravník (daughter)\|Olga]] (1870–1920) ~~and~~ [[Varvara Nápravník\|Varvara]] (1873–1942), and Konstantin (1874-1911). The composer's brother [[Modest]] also wrote the libretto to Nápravník's opera ''Dubrovsky ''(1894).		The composer thought very highly of Nápravník's talents, and the conductor's wife [[Olga Nápravník (mother)\|Olga]] (1844–1902), and their children Aleksandr ("Sasha") (1866-1939), [[Vladimir Nápravník\|Vladimir ("Volodya")]] (1869–1948), [[Olga Nápravník (daughter)\|Olga]] (1870–1920), [[Varvara Nápravník\|Varvara]] (1873–1942), and Konstantin (1874-1911). The composer's brother [[Modest]] also wrote the libretto to Nápravník's opera ''Dubrovsky ''(1894).

	He retired from the Mariinsky Theatre in 1914, after serving more than half a century of conducting at the Imperial Theatres.		He retired from the Mariinsky Theatre in 1914, after serving more than half a century of conducting at the Imperial Theatres.

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Correspondence with Tchaikovsky

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__NOTOC__
{{picture|file=Eduard Napravnik.jpg|caption='''Eduard Nápravník'''<br/>(1839-1916)}}
Czech conductor and composer (b. 24 August 1839 in Býšť, near Hradec Králové; d. 23 November 1916 in [[Petrograd]]), known in Russia as '''''Eduard Frantsevich Nápravník''''' (Эдуард Францевич Направник).

The son of a Czech village schoolmaster, as a child Nápravník played the organ at Pardubice Cathedral. In 1854 he enrolled at the [[Prague]] Organ School, and later studied and taught at the Maydl Institute (1856–1861), taking lessons from Johann Friedrich Kittl (1806–1868), director of the [[Prague]] Conservatory.

In 1861 Nápravník emigrated to Russia, where he worked as conductor of an amateur orchestra, as well as teaching the piano and performing in chamber concerts. In 1863 he was appointed assistant to Konstantin Lyadov at the Mariinsky Theatre in [[Saint Petersburg]], and became principal conductor after Lyadov's retirement six years later.

==Tchaikovsky and Nápravník==
Five of Tchaikovsky's operas were premiered under Nápravník's direction at the Mariinsky Theatre: ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1874), ''[[Vakula the Smith]]'' (1876), ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' (1881), ''[[The Queen of Spades]]'' (1890) and ''[[Iolanta]]'' (1892). ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'' was dedicated to Nápravník, who also gave the first performances of many of the conductor's other works in the Russian Musical Society concerts in [[Saint Petersburg]], where he was principal conductor from 1869 to 1881.

The composer thought very highly of Nápravník's talents, and the conductor's wife [[Olga Nápravník (mother)|Olga]] (1844–1902), and their children Aleksandr ("Sasha", 1866-1939), [[Vladimir Nápravník|Vladimir ("Volodya")]] (1869–1948), [[Olga Nápravník (daughter)|Olga]] (1870–1920) and [[Varvara Nápravník|Varvara]] (1873–1942), and Konstantin (1874-1911). The composer's brother [[Modest]] also wrote the libretto to Nápravník's opera ''Dubrovsky ''(1894).

He retired from the Mariinsky Theatre in 1914, after serving more than half a century of conducting at the Imperial Theatres.

==Dedications==
Tchaikovsky dedicated his opera ''[[The Maid of Orleans]]'', TH 6 (1878–79), to Eduard Nápravník.

==Correspondence with Tchaikovsky==
85 letters from Tchaikovsky to Eduard Nápravník have survived, dating from 1872 to 1893, of which those highlighted in bold have been translated into English on this website:
* '''[[Letter 255]]''' – 4/16 May 1872, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 334]]''' – 18/30 December 1873, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 340]]''' – 19 February/2 March 1874, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 367]]''' – 19/31 October 1874, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 379]]''' – by 27 December 1874/8 January 1875, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 382]]''' – 1/13 January 1875, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 441]]''' – 27 January/8 February 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 459]]''' – late March/early April 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 461]]''' – 26 April/8 May 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 507]]''' – 18/30 October 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 514]]''' – between 12/24 and 14/26 November 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 521]]''' – 15/27 December 1876, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 923]]''' – 27 September/9 October 1878, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 962]]''' – 7/19 November 1878, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 1143]]''' – 29 March/10 April 1879, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1296]]''' – 17/29 September 1879, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1323]]''' – 31 October/12 November 1879, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1447]]''' – 13/25 March 1880, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1449]]''' – 14/26 March 1880, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1475]]''' – 10/22 April 1880, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 1579]]''' – 5/17 September 1880, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 1586]]''' – 12/24 September 1880, from [[Kamenka]]
* [[Letter 1596a]] – 18/30 September 1880, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 1643]]''' – 11/23 December 1880, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 1679]]''' – 14/26 February 1881, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 1786]]''' – 17/29 June 1881, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 1801]]''' – 3/15 July 1881, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 1909]]''' – 7/19 December 1881, from [[Rome]]
* '''[[Letter 1918]]''' – 26 December 1881/7 January 1882, from [[Rome]]
* '''[[Letter 2114]]''' – 21 September/3 October 1882, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 2126]]''' – 7/19 October 1882, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 2182]]''' – 28 December 1882/9 January 1883, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 2197]]''' – 14/26 January 1883, from [[Paris]]
* '''[[Letter 2332]]''' – 1931 August 1883, from [[Podushkino]]
* '''[[Letter 2335]]''' – 31 August/12 September 1883, from [[Podushkino]]
* '''[[Letter 2343]]''' – 10/22 September 1883, from [[Verbovka]]
* '''[[Letter 2415]]''' – 22 January/3 February 1884, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 2423]]''' – 4/16 February 1884, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 2451a]]''' – 4/16 March 1884, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
*''' [[Letter 2458]]''' – 26 March/7 April 1884, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 2550]]''' – 14/26 September 1884, from [[Pleshcheyevo]]
* '''[[Letter 2575]]''' – 25 October/6 November 1884, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 2581]]''' – 1/13 November 1884, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 2612]]''' – 1/13 December 1884, from [[Paris]]
* '''[[Letter 2639]]''' – 5/17 January 1885, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 2915]]''' – 20 March/1 April 1886, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3057]]''' – 23 September/5 October 1886, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3070]]''' – 7/19 October 1886, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3089]]''' – 8/20 November 1886, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
*''' [[Letter 3095]]''' – 13/25 November 1886, from [[Klin]]
* '''[[Letter 3133]]''' – 26 December 1886/7 January 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3139]]''' – 31 December 1886/12 January 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3140]]''' – 1/13 January 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3147]]''' – 14/26 January 1887, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 3154]]''' – 22 January/3 February 1887, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 3184]]''' – 15/27 February 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3357]]''' – 19 September/1 October 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3364]]''' – 23 September/5 October 1887, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 3366]]''' – 25 September/7 October 1887, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 3403]]''' – 16/28 November 1887, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 3674]]''' – 21 September/3 October 1888, from [[Frolovskoye]]
* [[Letter 3677a]] – 23 September/5 October 1888, from [[Frolovskoye]]
* '''[[Letter 3723]]''' – 8/20 November 1888, from [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 3899]]''' – 9/21 July 1889, from [[Frolovskoye]]
* '''[[Letter 3913]]''' – 31 July/12 August 1889, from [[Frolovskoye]]
* '''[[Letter 4194]]''' – 5/17 August 1890, from [[Frolovskoye]]
* '''[[Letter 4206]]''' – 25 August/6 September 1890, from [[Kamenka]]
* '''[[Letter 4219]]''' – 19 September/1 October 1890, from [[Tiflis]]
* '''[[Letter 4225]]''' – 3/15 October 1890, from [[Tiflis]]
* '''[[Letter 4229]]''' – 5/17 October 1890, from [[Tiflis]]
* '''[[Letter 4238]]''' – 19/31 October 1890, from [[Tiflis]]
* '''[[Letter 4351]]''' – 15/27 March 1891, from [[Paris]]
* '''[[Letter 4358]]''' – 25 March/6 April 1891, from [[Paris]]
* '''[[Letter 4370]]''' – 20 April/2 May 1891, from [[New York]]
* '''[[Letter 4500]]''' – 7/19 October 1891, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 4510]]''' – 13/25 October 1891, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 4570]]''' – 9/21 December 1891, from [[Maydanovo]]
* [[Letter 4589a]] – December 1891 (?), from [[Warsaw]]
* '''[[Letter 4619]]''' – 16/28 February–5 March 1892, from [[Moscow]] and [[Saint Petersburg]]
* '''[[Letter 4622]]''' – 19 February/2 March 1892, from [[Maydanovo]]
* '''[[Letter 4663]]''' – 13/25 April 1892, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 4666]]''' – 17/29 April 1892, from [[Moscow]]
* '''[[Letter 4709]]''' – 18/30 June 1892, from [[Vichy]]
* '''[[Letter 4786]]''' – 18/30 October 1892, from [[Klin]]
* '''[[Letter 4909]]''' – 5/17 April 1893, from [[Klin]]
* '''[[Letter 4982]]''' – 22 July/3 August 1893, from [[Klin]]

44 letters from Nápravník to Tchaikovsky have survived, dating from 1873 to 1893, of which one is preserved in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art in [[Moscow]], and the remaining 43 are in the [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.

==Bibliography==
* {{bib|1874/13}} (1874)
* {{bib|1886/16}} (1886)
* {{bib|1908/16}} (1908)
* {{bib|1913/42}} (1913)
* {{bib|1924/2}} (1924)
* {{bib|1958/46}} (1958)
* {{bib|1959/20}} (1959)
* {{bib|1970/42}} (1970)
* {{bib|1971/45}} (1971)
* {{bib|1985/52}} (1985)
* {{bib|1990/92}} (1990)
* {{bib|1990/253}} (1990)
* {{bib|1991/65}} (1991)
* {{bib|1993/170}} (1993)
* {{bib|1994/83}} (1994)
* {{bib|1994/102}} (1994)
* {{bib|1994/110}} (1994)
* {{bib|1998/46}} (1998)
* {{bib|1999/79}} (1999)
* {{bib|2006/19}} (2006)

==External Links==
* [[wikipedia:Eduard Nápravník|Wikipedia]]

[[Category:People|Napravnik, Eduard]]
[[Category:Composers|Napravnik, Eduard]]
[[Category:Conductors|Napravnik, Eduard]]
[[Category:Correspondents|Napravnik, Eduard]]
[[Category:Dedicatees|Napravnik, Eduard]]